What are the symptoms of uterine fibroids?

Uterine fibroid symptoms include changes in menstruation, increased vaginal discharge, abdominal masses, lower abdominal pain and distension, and compressive symptoms.

1. Menstrual changes: Patients may experience increased menstrual flow, prolonged or shortened menstrual periods, and irregular vaginal bleeding. These symptoms are mainly caused by the fibroids increasing the size of the uterine cavity, expanding the endometrial surface area, and affecting uterine contractions.

2. Increased vaginal discharge: Uterine fibroids can cause an enlarged uterine cavity, increased glandular secretion, and consequently increased vaginal discharge. If infection is present, purulent discharge with an unpleasant odor may occur.

3. Abdominal mass: As the fibroid grows, a hard mass may be felt in the abdomen. The size and location of the mass are related to the fibroid's size, growth rate, and position.

4. Lower abdominal pain and distension: Symptoms of lower abdominal pain and distension may occur when a fibroid undergoes red degeneration, when there is torsion of a pedunculated subserosal fibroid, or when a submucosal fibroid is expelled.

5. Compressive symptoms: Uterine fibroids may compress the bladder or rectum, leading to abnormal urination, defecation difficulties, and urinary retention.

Women experiencing these symptoms should seek timely medical attention and undergo appropriate examinations and treatment to ensure their health.