How are genital warts caused, and can they be effectively treated after infection?
Disease description:
Recently, I was diagnosed with genital warts during a medical check-up. I feel very confused and anxious because my understanding of this condition is very limited. I would like to know what causes genital warts and whether effective treatment is available after infection.
Doctor's answer (1)
Dr. Liu Wenmin
Genital warts are a sexually transmitted disease caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), primarily manifesting as proliferative lesions in the genital and anal areas. Causes of infection mainly include unprotected sexual activity, smoking, decreased immunity, skin trauma, and genital infections. Unprotected sexual contact is the primary transmission route, while factors such as smoking and reduced immunity can increase the risk of developing the condition.
Genital warts can be treated after infection, and the cure rate is relatively high. Treatment methods include pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, surgical treatment, and immunotherapy. Drug therapy mainly involves topical medications, such as podophyllotoxin cream and imiquimod cream, which can inhibit viral replication and promote wart shedding. Physical therapies, such as laser treatment and cryotherapy, can directly target the warts to rapidly eliminate lesions. For larger or difficult-to-treat warts, surgical intervention may be a necessary option. Immunotherapy works by enhancing the patient's own immunity to fight the virus and reduce recurrence.
Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits, such as ensuring adequate sleep, avoiding excessive fatigue, and maintaining a positive mood, can also aid in recovery. Additionally, patients should maintain good local hygiene, avoid scratching or irritating the affected areas, and refrain from engaging in unprotected sexual activity to prevent cross-infection.
