What symptoms commonly accompany metabolic alkalosis?

Metabolic alkalosis primarily results from excessive loss of acid from the body or excessive intake of alkali from external sources. Key symptoms include shallow and slow breathing, restlessness, agitation, delirium, somnolence, and carpopedal spasm. Physical examination may reveal hyperreflexia and other signs. Prolonged vomiting, pyloric obstruction, or post-anesthetic states may predispose to metabolic alkalosis; definitive diagnosis requires correlation with clinical and serum biochemical parameters.