Why does hair turn gray?
Sep 10, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
In general, hair whitening may be related to aging, genetic factors, vitamin B12 deficiency, hyperthyroidism, vitiligo, and other factors. If experiencing discomfort, it is recommended to seek professional medical treatment under the guidance of a doctor. Patients are advised to maintain a positive mindset, engage in appropriate exercise, and follow a balanced diet, which may help slow down the progression of premature graying.
In general, hair turning white may be related to factors such as aging, genetic predisposition, vitamin B12 deficiency, hyperthyroidism, and vitiligo. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek professional medical treatment under the guidance of a doctor. Specific analyses are as follows:
1. Aging
As people age, melanocytes in the hair follicles gradually decrease, causing newly grown hair to lose pigment and turn white. Although the natural aging process cannot be reversed, its progression can be delayed through a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, moderate exercise, and sufficient sleep.
2. Genetic Factors
The appearance of gray hair may also be influenced by genetics. If family members developed gray hair at a young age, an individual may inherit this tendency and experience premature graying. While hereditary graying is difficult to reverse through treatment, cosmetic methods such as hair dyeing or using colored shampoos can help conceal it.
3. Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency may result from dietary insufficiencies or gastrointestinal disorders. A lack of vitamin B12 can impair melanocyte function, thereby affecting hair pigmentation and leading to whitening. It may be accompanied by symptoms such as anemia, memory decline, and numbness in hands and feet. Patients can increase intake of foods such as eggs, milk, beef, and lamb. When necessary, supplementation with medications such as vitamin B12 tablets, mecobalamin tablets, or adenosylcobalamin tablets should be conducted under medical supervision.
4. Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism, caused by excessive secretion of thyroid hormones, may accelerate the body's metabolic rate, disrupt normal melanocyte function, and lead to premature aging or damage of melanocytes. This affects pigment production in hair, resulting in whitening. Symptoms may also include palpitations, hand tremors, and weight loss. Treatment with medications such as propylthiouracil tablets, methimazole tablets, or carbimazole tablets should be administered under a doctor’s guidance.
5. Vitiligo
Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder potentially linked to genetic, autoimmune, and oxidative stress factors, leading to localized or generalized depigmented patches on the skin. When vitiligo affects the scalp, it may destroy melanocytes within hair follicles, causing hair to turn white. Symptoms may include irregularly shaped, variably sized white patches on the skin, along with mild itching or burning sensations. Management may involve medications such as Bai Ci Wan (White Patch Pills), methoxsalen tablets, or Wu Long San (Black Dragon Powder) as directed by a physician.
Patients are advised to maintain a positive mindset, engage in appropriate physical activity, and follow a balanced diet, all of which may help slow the progression of hair whitening.
