How to manage itchy skin in the elderly

In general, skin itching in elderly individuals may be caused by factors such as climate changes, dry skin, allergic reactions, sebaceous gland atrophy, or fungal infections. Treatment methods including general care and medication can be adopted under the guidance of a doctor. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Climate Changes

During seasonal transitions, especially in winter, decreased air humidity combined with cold and dry weather can further exacerbate skin dryness in the elderly, leading to itching. Using a humidifier to maintain appropriate indoor humidity is recommended.

2. Dry Skin

With aging, the skin's ability to retain moisture declines due to reduced sebaceous gland secretion, weakening the skin’s barrier function and increasing water loss, which causes dryness. Dry skin is more susceptible to external irritants, resulting in itchiness. It is advisable to drink plenty of water to replenish internal hydration, maintain a balanced diet rich in fats and vitamins, and wear soft, breathable clothing to minimize friction.

3. Allergic Reactions

Elderly individuals may be allergic to certain substances such as pollen, dust mites, or specific foods. Allergic reactions trigger skin inflammation and immune responses, causing itching, sometimes accompanied by symptoms like sneezing or tearing. It is recommended to follow medical advice and use medications such as prednisone acetate tablets, levocetirizine hydrochloride tablets, or montelukast sodium chewable tablets for treatment.

4. Sebaceous Gland Atrophy

As people age, sebaceous glands gradually atrophy and sebum production decreases, depriving the skin of its natural moisturizing barrier. This makes the skin more vulnerable to external stimuli, leading to itching. Regular application of gentle body lotions, especially after bathing, is beneficial.

5. Fungal Infections

Due to weakened immunity, elderly individuals are more prone to fungal infections, which disrupt the skin’s normal structure, provoke inflammatory responses, and cause itching. Symptoms may include localized redness, papules, or blisters. Patients should follow medical advice and use antifungal medications such as ketoconazole cream, terbinafine hydrochloride cream, or bifonazole gel.

Elderly individuals should maintain clean and well-moisturized skin, eat a balanced diet rich in fats and vitamins, wear soft and breathable clothing, and avoid prolonged exposure to extreme weather conditions to reduce the occurrence of skin itching.