How to treat raised scars after surgery

Dec 13, 2021 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Li Ruizhi

Introduction

1. Topical medications: Topical ointments are applied directly to the scarred area. Their effects are limited to moisturizing and softening connective tissue and lightening hyperpigmentation, thereby improving and enhancing the cosmetic appearance of the scar. 2. Laser therapy: The laser targets only the scarred portion of the skin surface, leaving surrounding healthy tissue unaffected. 3. Radiation therapy: This promotes increased collagen fiber degradation, resulting in flattening and softening of the scar tissue.

All surgical procedures—regardless of size—leave some degree of scarring. Small surgical scars may gradually fade and improve spontaneously over time. However, larger surgical scars—or those occurring in individuals with a predisposition to keloid or hypertrophic scarring (“scar-prone”体质)—are more challenging to eliminate. Fortunately, topical medications, laser therapy, and radiation therapy can all effectively reduce or improve such scars. Below, we address the specific question: “How to treat raised scars after surgery?”

How to Treat Raised Scars After Surgery

1. Topical Medications

Scar creams fall into several categories: general moisturizing ointments; corticosteroid-containing anti-scarring and anti-inflammatory ointments; silicone-based hydrating and softening gels; and depigmenting agents targeting post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Applied directly to the scar, these topical preparations primarily provide mild benefits—including hydration and softening of fibrous tissue, as well as lightening of pigmentary changes—thereby improving the overall appearance of the scar.

2. Laser Therapy

Laser therapy is suitable for superficial atrophic (depressed) and hypertrophic (raised) scars. During treatment, the laser energy selectively targets the scarred tissue on the skin surface, sparing surrounding healthy tissue. The untreated adjacent areas respond by increasing production and reorganization of collagen and elastin, thereby promoting dermal collagen regeneration and remodeling.

3. Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy is indicated for superficial hypertrophic scars. When applied to the scar site, low-dose superficial X-rays or beta radiation significantly reduce the number and functional activity of fibroblasts within the scar tissue. This leads to decreased synthesis—and increased degradation—of collagen fibers and extracellular matrix components, resulting in flattening and softening of the scar.

Knowledge Extension: Key Postoperative Considerations Following Scar Surgery

1. Basic Wound Care

Scar surgery typically involves excision of the scar tissue. To maximize treatment efficacy, patients must diligently follow basic wound care instructions postoperatively. Avoid scratching, rubbing, or applying pressure to the scar site. Do not soak the wound in baths, hot springs, or engage in vigorous physical activity until complete wound healing has occurred—otherwise, infection or inflammation (e.g., redness, swelling) may develop. Additionally, patients who have undergone facial surgery should rigorously practice sun protection to prevent post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

2. Avoid Irritating Foods

During recovery, patients should adopt a gentle diet. Avoid spicy, fried, or grilled foods, and refrain from consuming strong stimulants such as concentrated tea, coffee, or alcoholic beverages, as these may impair wound healing. This precaution is especially important for individuals with compromised immunity or extensive surgical wounds.

3. Monitor Wound Healing Progress

Scar outcomes vary depending on the scar’s size, shape, and anatomical location. Therefore, close observation of wound healing is essential after surgery. If symptoms such as itching, stinging pain, or progressive elevation of the scar appear, prompt intervention—using silicone scar sheets, topical gels, or other preventive treatments—is recommended to minimize the risk of pathological scar formation (e.g., hypertrophic scarring or keloids).

The above outlines evidence-based approaches to managing raised scars following surgery. We hope this information proves helpful to you.

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