What Causes Shingles?
Aug 24, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wan
Introduction
Herpes zoster is primarily caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The virus enters the bloodstream via the mucosal surfaces of the human respiratory tract, readily leading to viremia. Infected individuals may develop chickenpox or remain asymptomatic—termed latent (or subclinical) infection. When conditions are favorable—for instance, following trauma, fatigue, or illness—the body’s immune defenses weaken, thereby reactivating the dormant virus residing within the host.
Many people contract chickenpox during childhood. This disease is highly contagious. Typically, chickenpox occurs in outbreaks and is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). This virus can remain dormant in the human body for extended periods. When overall health is compromised, the virus may reactivate after a certain period, leading to disease. So, what causes shingles?
What Causes Shingles?
Shingles is primarily caused by the varicella-zoster virus. The virus enters the bloodstream via the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, readily resulting in viremia. Infected individuals may develop chickenpox or experience asymptomatic (subclinical) infection. Under favorable conditions—such as physical trauma, fatigue, or concurrent illness—the body’s immune defenses weaken, reactivating the latent virus. Once reactivated, the virus travels along nerve pathways to the skin, manifesting within corresponding dermatomes. The virus typically remains latent for years in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord or the trigeminal ganglia, where it evades elimination by high-titer antibodies present in the body.
Shingles generally arises due to diminished immunity—most commonly associated with immunosuppression—but may also be triggered by certain external stimuli. Following physical trauma, the latent virus begins migrating centrally, causing hemorrhagic inflammation in the dorsal root ganglia. Viral particles from vesicular fluid disseminate, producing characteristic clusters of blisters—this constitutes the pathogenesis of shingles. It is recommended that patients consult a dermatologist; a qualified physician can provide appropriate, individualized treatment recommendations.
It is advisable to avoid overeating or binge eating, refrain from consuming spicy or allergenic foods, and avoid stale or spoiled ingredients—including pepper, coffee, strong tea, and other irritants. We hope this information proves helpful.
