What causes bowed legs?

Nov 25, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Lin Yunfei

Introduction

Bowlegs are generally classified into two types: genu varum (knee varus) and genu valgum (knee valgus). Additionally, congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia can also present as bowlegs. Causes of knee varus deformity include congenital developmental factors, trauma or fractures, knee osteoarthritis, bone tumors, poliomyelitis, and rickets. Among these, varus deformities caused by congenital developmental abnormalities and knee osteoarthritis are more commonly seen.

Legs that are not straight can generally be categorized into two types: genu varum (bow-legged) and genu valgum (knock-kneed). Additionally, congenital tibial pseudarthrosis may also present with visible leg deformity.

1. Genu Varum: Causes of knee varus deformity include congenital developmental abnormalities, trauma or fractures, knee osteoarthritis, bone tumors, poliomyelitis, and rickets. Among these, congenital developmental anomalies and knee osteoarthritis are the more common causes of varus deformity.

2. Genu Valgum: Causes of knee valgus deformity include rickets, knee osteoarthritis, sequelae of chronic osteomyelitis, epiphyseal injuries, congenital fibular dysplasia, and cerebral palsy. Diagnostic evaluations may include localized X-ray imaging, CT scans, blood calcium level tests, and bone density scans. If necessary, corrective braces can be used for treatment. In daily life, it's important to maintain proper self-care: keep regular作息 (sleep-wake cycles), drink plenty of water, eat fresh fruits and vegetables, and consume calcium-rich foods.

3. Congenital Tibial Pseudarthrosis: This condition can also lead to leg deformity and misalignment. When significant symptoms occur, especially with joint instability at the affected site, surgical treatment may involve resection of the pseudarthrosis followed by bone grafting and internal fixation, which can help straighten the lower leg.

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