The most common cause of cardiac arrest is cardiac in origin.

Dec 06, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Tian Hongbo

Introduction

The main causes of cardiac arrest of cardiac origin include acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, and cardiac tamponade. Cardiac arrest may also be associated with pericardial hemorrhage, pericardial effusion, and rupture of chordae tendineae or papillary muscles. Cardiac arrest is extremely dangerous; if artificial cardiopulmonary resuscitation is not performed promptly, the probability of patient death is very high.

The main causes of cardiac arrest of cardiac origin include acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, and cardiac tamponade.

1. Acute Myocardial Infarction

During an acute myocardial infarction, the myocardial cells in the affected area become ischemic and hypoxic, impairing the heart's normal contractile and relaxation functions, which may lead to cardiac arrest.

2. Arrhythmias

Conditions such as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular flutter can cause hemodynamic instability. Reduced blood supply to myocardial cells may result in cell necrosis and impaired normal cardiac function, potentially leading to cardiac arrest.

3. Cardiac Tamponade

In acute cardiac tamponade, the heart's ability to contract and relax is severely compromised. Widespread myocardial cell death due to ischemia and hypoxia eventually results in cardiac arrest.

Cardiac arrest of cardiac origin may also be associated with pericardial hemorrhage, pericardial effusion, or rupture of chordae tendineae or papillary muscles. This condition is extremely dangerous; without prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the risk of patient mortality is very high.

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What is the emergency treatment measure applicable only for respiratory and cardiac arrest caused by acute myocardial infarction?

Generally speaking, there is no such thing as an emergency measure that can only be used for respiratory or cardiac arrest caused by acute myocardial infarction. Commonly used emergency measures usually include cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED) use, and administration of medications. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an emergency procedure that uses manual techniques to maintain heart and lung function, including chest compressions and artificial ventilation.

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Symptoms of intermittent cardiac arrest

Intermittent cardiac arrest usually refers to intermittent episodes of sudden cessation of the heart's blood-pumping function, which commonly causes symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness, dizziness, and arrhythmia. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention at a hospital and, under a doctor's guidance, receive treatment with medications such as amiodarone hydrochloride tablets, lidocaine hydrochloride injection, and promethazine hydrochloride tablets.

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Emergency first aid measures for cardiac arrest

During cardiac arrest, immediate first aid should be administered using chest compressions. After confirming the scene is safe, call out and gently tap the patient's shoulder to check for consciousness. Locate the center point of the line connecting the two nipples, place your left hand over your right with fingers interlaced, keep your arms straight, and use your upper body weight to vertically press down on the center point with the heel of your right hand. Perform 30 compressions.