What does it mean when a newborn's foramen ovale is not closed?
Apr 25, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Ma Yan
Introduction
In newborns, an unclosed foramen ovale is a normal physiological phenomenon. During the embryonic stage, the foramen ovale serves as a passage between the left and right atria of the heart, remaining open on the interatrial septum. At this stage, the lungs are not yet functional for blood circulation; when oxygen-rich blood is delivered via the umbilical cord, it can be shunted through the foramen ovale into the left atrium.
Patent foramen ovale in newborns is a normal physiological phenomenon. The detailed explanation is as follows:
During the embryonic stage, the foramen ovale serves as a passage between the left and right atria of the heart. Located on the interatrial septum, this opening remains patent because the lungs are not yet functional for blood oxygenation. When oxygen-rich blood is delivered via the umbilical cord, it can bypass the pulmonary circulation by flowing through the foramen ovale into the left atrium, and subsequently be distributed from there to the entire body, supporting the development of various organs. After birth, as the newborn's lungs begin to develop and function normally, blood circulation gradually shifts to the mature pattern. However, if the foramen ovale fails to close shortly after birth, it results in patent foramen ovale, which is considered a normal condition. In most cases, this opening will spontaneously close within six months.
If this condition is detected during routine newborn examination, no special intervention is required, as it generally does not affect normal cardiac function. Daily care should focus on monitoring the infant's physical growth and mental status, along with ensuring adequate warmth.
