What are the three main categories of vertigo?
May 12, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Jun
Introduction
Dizziness is generally not classified into three categories; instead, it is usually divided into two types: peripheral vertigo and central vertigo. Typically, vertigo caused by lesions in the inner ear vestibular receptors or the vestibular nerve falls under peripheral vertigo, while vertigo resulting from lesions in central areas such as the cerebellum and brainstem, as well as from infections, tumors, and similar conditions, is categorized as central vertigo.
Generally, dizziness is not classified into three categories; instead, it is usually divided into two types: peripheral vertigo and central vertigo. The details are as follows:
1. Peripheral Vertigo
In most cases, dizziness caused by lesions in the inner ear vestibular receptors or the vestibular nerve is categorized as peripheral vertigo. This includes vertigo resulting from conditions such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis, and Ménière’s disease. Episodes typically occur suddenly and are relatively brief but can be severe. They may be accompanied by symptoms such as tinnitus, hearing loss, nausea, vomiting, and other autonomic nervous system disturbances.
2. Central Vertigo
Central vertigo generally refers to dizziness caused by lesions in central areas such as the cerebellum or brainstem, including those due to infections, tumors, or other abnormalities. These episodes tend to last longer but are milder in intensity. They may also be associated with neurological symptoms indicating damage to the central nervous system, such as cerebral ischemia, cerebral hemorrhage, or demyelinating diseases.
It is recommended that individuals experiencing dizziness seek timely medical evaluation and follow appropriate treatment under a physician's guidance.
