Can a thyroid gland grow in a newborn who was born without one?

May 14, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Ma Yan

Introduction

If a newborn baby is born without a thyroid gland or with very little thyroid tissue, the body cannot produce sufficient thyroid hormone. In such cases, the thyroid will not grow back on its own. However, in certain situations, even when the thyroid is present, it may fail to function properly due to various reasons. This condition can be treated with thyroid hormone replacement medication under a doctor's guidance.

Newborns who are born without a thyroid generally will not develop one later. The detailed explanation is as follows:

If a newborn is born without a thyroid gland or with very little thyroid tissue, the body cannot produce sufficient thyroid hormones. In such cases, the thyroid gland will not regenerate or grow back. However, in some instances, even when the thyroid is present, it may fail to function properly due to certain conditions. For example, congenital hypothyroidism is usually caused by thyroid dysgenesis, defects in the iodination process of tyrosine residues, or inherited metabolic disorders.

Children with this condition typically require lifelong monitoring of TSH and serum free T4 levels, along with long-term medication. Treatment may include thyroid hormone replacement therapy under a doctor's guidance, such as levothyroxine sodium tablets, potassium iodate granules, alfacalcidol capsules, etc.

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