What causes eczema in children?

In general, childhood eczema may be caused by factors such as genetic predisposition, emotional anxiety, impaired skin barrier function, allergic reactions, and bacterial infections. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Genetic Factors

The development of childhood eczema is closely related to genetic factors. If parents or close relatives have a history of eczema or other allergic diseases, the child's risk of developing eczema increases. Enhancing skin hydration by using mild, non-irritating moisturizers—such as creams, ointments, or gels—to maintain skin moisture is recommended.

2. Emotional Anxiety

Psychological and emotional factors can disrupt hormonal balance in the body and impair normal immune system function, causing the skin to overreact to irritants, thereby triggering eczema in children. Caregivers should pay attention to children's emotional changes and provide psychological support and reassurance.

3. Impaired Skin Barrier Function

Excessively dry or humid environments can damage the skin barrier. When a child’s skin barrier is compromised, it loses its ability to retain water effectively, making the skin prone to dehydration and infection, which may lead to eczema. Symptoms such as cracking, erythema, and itching may also occur. Treatment may include medications such as compound vitamin B tablets, vitamin C tablets, or isotretinoin soft capsules, used under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

4. Allergic Reactions

Allergic reactions can be triggered by factors such as malnutrition or weakened immunity. Allergies in children to certain foods, medications, or environmental substances may induce eczema, accompanied by symptoms like skin itching, sneezing, or other signs of allergy. It is recommended to follow medical advice when using medications such as boric acid and zinc oxide ointment, vitamin C tablets, or levocetirizine hydrochloride oral solution for treatment.

5. Bacterial Infection

Bacterial infection refers to an inflammatory response caused by bacteria invading the body. In children, bacterial infection can exacerbate local skin inflammation, worsening eczema symptoms and potentially leading to redness, swelling, pain, and exudation. Treatment may involve antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medications such as amoxicillin capsules, penicillin V potassium tablets, or dexamethasone acetate tablets, used according to a doctor’s instructions.

Maintaining a regular daily routine, ensuring adequate sleep and rest, and avoiding excessive fatigue can help enhance the body’s immune function.