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What causes ear pain in children?

Sep 03, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Lu Cheng
Introduction
Ear pain in children may be caused by earwax blockage, changes in air pressure, foreign objects entering the ear canal, otitis media, or external otitis. It is recommended to visit the hospital's otorhinolaryngology department for a thorough examination, such as otoscopic examination and hearing tests, so that the doctor can make an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan. Maintain a light diet and avoid spicy, irritating, and greasy foods.

In general, ear pain in children may be caused by earwax blockage, changes in air pressure, foreign objects entering the ear canal, otitis media (middle ear infection), or external otitis (outer ear infection). If discomfort occurs, prompt medical attention is recommended. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Earwax Blockage

Excessive earwax may block the ear canal, affecting a child's hearing and causing pain. Professional cleaning is recommended. Avoid using cotton swabs or similar tools for self-cleaning to prevent ear canal injury.

2. Air Pressure Changes

Changes in air pressure can cause an imbalance between middle ear pressure and external pressure, putting pressure on the eardrum and leading to ear discomfort in children. Chewing candy or swallowing may help equalize middle ear pressure and relieve pain.

3. Foreign Objects in the Ear Canal

Foreign objects may irritate or damage the ear canal, causing ear pain and discomfort in children. Do not attempt to remove the object yourself; seek immediate medical care for safe removal by a professional using specialized instruments.

4. Otitis Media (Middle Ear Infection)

Otitis media is a middle ear infection caused by bacterial or viral invasion. The infection triggers an inflammatory response, leading to fluid accumulation and increased pressure in the middle ear, which presses on the eardrum and causes ear pain in children. Symptoms may include fever and hearing loss. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include medications such as roxithromycin granules, amoxicillin capsules, or penicillin V potassium tablets.

5. External Otitis (Outer Ear Infection)

External otitis is an inflammation of the outer ear canal caused by bacterial or fungal infections from water exposure. Prolonged moisture in the ear canal creates an environment conducive to microbial growth, resulting in ear infection and pain in children. Symptoms may include increased ear discharge and itching. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include medications such as cefradine capsules, roxithromycin dispersible tablets, or lomefloxacin hydrochloride ear drops.

Ensuring adequate sleep helps support recovery and boost immunity.

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