What causes sudden asthma attacks?

Sudden asthma attacks are generally caused by factors such as air pollution, intense physical exercise, allergic reactions, respiratory infections, or hyperthyroidism. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific causes are analyzed below:

1. Air Pollution

Pollutants in the air can irritate the respiratory tract, triggering airway inflammation and constriction, which may worsen asthma symptoms. It is advisable to reduce outdoor activities, wear masks, and use air purifiers.

2. Intense Physical Exercise

During vigorous exercise, increased evaporation of moisture from the respiratory tract leads to airway dryness. Additionally, faster and deeper breathing during exercise facilitates the inhalation of allergens and irritants, potentially triggering an asthma attack. Engage in moderate exercise only when asthma is well-controlled, and avoid strenuous activity.

3. Allergic Reactions

Exposure to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander may trigger an overreaction of the immune system, leading to airway inflammation and constriction, resulting in sudden asthma attacks. Symptoms may also include sneezing, nasal congestion, and itchy eyes. Under medical guidance, medications such as cetirizine hydrochloride capsules, fluticasone propionate cream, or budesonide nasal spray may be used for treatment.

4. Respiratory Infections

Infections caused by viruses, bacteria, or mycoplasma may inflame the airway mucosa, leading to airway narrowing and spasms, thus triggering sudden asthma attacks. These are often accompanied by symptoms such as coughing and sputum production. Patients may take medications such as compound paracetamol amantadine tablets, azithromycin tablets, or isatis root granules under medical supervision.

5. Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism may be associated with psychological stress, trauma, infection, excessive pressure, or high iodine intake. Excessive secretion of thyroid hormones increases metabolic rate, accelerates breathing, and raises the risk of asthma attacks. Other symptoms may include palpitations, excessive sweating, and weight loss. Under a doctor's advice, patients may take medications such as methimazole tablets, propylthiouracil tablets, or metoprolol tartrate tablets.

To help prevent sudden asthma attacks, maintain good indoor ventilation with appropriate temperature and humidity; avoid exposure to allergens such as pollen and animal fur; follow a regular diet and avoid foods that may cause allergies; and engage in moderate exercise to strengthen overall health.