What are the reasons for missed menstruation?

Generally, the absence of menstruation may be caused by pregnancy, pre-puberty or menopause, weight changes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothyroidism, and other factors. If any of the above conditions occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Pregnancy

During pregnancy, the endometrium no longer sheds cyclically because the embryo has implanted and is developing in the uterus, requiring a stable environment, resulting in the cessation of menstruation. After confirming pregnancy, regular prenatal check-ups should be conducted to ensure maternal and fetal health.

2. Pre-puberty or Menopause

In pre-puberty, the ovaries have not fully matured and hormone levels are unstable; during menopause, ovarian function gradually declines and hormone levels decrease. Menstrual absence may occur during both of these periods. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and undergoing regular physical examinations to monitor overall health are recommended.

3. Weight Changes

Sudden overeating or rapid weight loss can significantly alter body weight, affecting body fat content and subsequently disrupting estrogen synthesis and secretion, leading to menstrual irregularities or amenorrhea. Weight should be managed through balanced nutrition and moderate exercise, avoiding extreme dieting or binge eating.

4. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is often associated with factors such as staying up late and genetic predisposition. Excessive androgen production within the ovaries inhibits follicular maturation and ovulation, leading to infrequent menstruation or amenorrhea. It may also be accompanied by symptoms such as hirsutism and acne. Patients are advised to follow medical guidance in using medications such as ethinylestradiol cyproterone tablets, metformin hydrochloride tablets, and spironolactone tablets to alleviate symptoms.

5. Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism occurs when thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion are reduced, or when there is insufficient physiological effect, leading to decreased metabolic activity. A deficiency in thyroid hormones can cause menstrual irregularities or amenorrhea, possibly accompanied by symptoms such as cold intolerance and fatigue. Patients may be treated under medical supervision with medications such as levothyroxine sodium tablets, thyroid tablets, and selenium yeast tablets.

In daily life, it is important to maintain regular sleep patterns, a balanced diet, moderate physical activity, and effective stress management to avoid excessive mental pressure, thereby supporting endocrine stability and preventing menstrual disorders.