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What causes early menstruation?

Sep 24, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Lu
Introduction
In general, "例假" refers to menstruation. Early menstruation may be caused by stress, weight changes, age factors, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and other conditions. It is important to maintain emotional stability, avoid excessive fatigue and drastic weight fluctuations, adopt a healthy lifestyle, and regularly monitor changes in the menstrual cycle.

Normally, "lìjiǎ" refers to menstruation. Early menstruation may be caused by excessive stress, weight changes, age-related factors, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and other conditions. If discomfort occurs, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Excessive Stress

Long-term mental stress or emotional fluctuations may affect hypothalamic function, thereby disrupting hormonal regulation between the pituitary gland and ovaries. This can lead to imbalances in estrogen and progesterone levels, resulting in early menstruation. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, yoga, or meditation may help alleviate stress.

2. Weight Changes

Rapid weight gain or loss within a short period can alter body fat percentage, affecting hormone synthesis and metabolism—particularly estrogen levels—and thus disrupting the normal menstrual cycle, causing periods to occur earlier. It is important to maintain healthy eating habits and engage in moderate exercise, avoiding extreme dieting or binge eating.

3. Age Factors

During the years following menarche in adolescence and during the perimenopausal period, women experience unstable hormone levels. In adolescence, the reproductive system has not yet fully matured; during perimenopause, ovarian function gradually declines. Both stages are prone to earlier menstrual cycles. Adolescent girls should monitor bodily changes and consult a doctor when necessary. Perimenopausal women may benefit from adequate calcium intake and maintaining regular sleep and dietary patterns.

4. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is often caused by unhealthy lifestyle and dietary habits. Patients commonly have insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, which disrupt normal ovulation and lead to earlier menstrual cycles. Symptoms may include obesity, acne, and others. Under medical guidance, patients may take medications such as metformin hydrochloride tablets, desogestrel-ethinyl estradiol tablets, or pioglitazone hydrochloride tablets for treatment.

5. Endometriosis

Endometriosis may be triggered by genetic or environmental factors, causing endometrial tissue to grow abnormally outside the uterus. This tissue may bleed during menstruation but cannot be properly expelled, potentially leading to earlier menstrual cycles. It may also cause severe dysmenorrhea, pain during intercourse, and other symptoms. Patients are advised to follow medical instructions and use medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), norethisterone compound tablets, or mifepristone tablets to relieve symptoms.

In daily life, it is important to maintain emotional stability, avoid excessive fatigue and drastic weight fluctuations, uphold a healthy lifestyle, and regularly monitor changes in the menstrual cycle.

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