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What medications are used to treat stomach bleeding?

Sep 11, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Huang Yuhong
Introduction
In general, gastric bleeding is often caused by factors such as gastric mucosal injury, gastric ulcers, and rupture of esophageal and gastric varices. Common symptoms include hematemesis, melena, and dizziness. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as omeprazole enteric-coated capsules, rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets, somatostatin injection, tranexamic acid tablets, and thrombin lyophilized powder for treatment.

Generally, gastric bleeding is mostly caused by factors such as gastric mucosal injury, gastric ulcers, and rupture of esophageal and gastric varices. Common symptoms include hematemesis, black stool, dizziness, and so on. Patients may take medications under medical guidance, such as omeprazole enteric-coated capsules, rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets, somatostatin injection, tranexamic acid tablets, and thrombin lyophilized powder. The specific details are as follows:

1. Omeprazole Enteric-Coated Capsules

Omeprazole belongs to proton pump inhibitors, which can inhibit gastric acid secretion from gastric wall cells, reduce irritation of gastric acid on the gastric mucosal wound, and promote the repair of damaged mucosa. It is commonly used to treat gastric bleeding caused by gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers.

2. Rabeprazole Sodium Enteric-Coated Tablets

Also a proton pump inhibitor, rabeprazole reduces gastric acid secretion by blocking its key production step, thereby lowering gastric acidity and protecting the gastric mucosa. It is suitable for gastric bleeding caused by acute gastric mucosal lesions and gastric ulcers, with rapid onset and long-lasting effects.

3. Somatostatin Injection

Somatostatin can reduce visceral blood flow, lower portal venous pressure, and simultaneously inhibit the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and pancreatic juice. It effectively controls acute massive bleeding caused by rupture of esophageal and gastric varices and is a commonly used emergency drug for such gastric bleeding.

4. Tranexamic Acid Tablets

Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic drug that inhibits the activity of plasmin, prevents the degradation of fibrin, promotes blood coagulation, and is applicable for various hemorrhagic diseases, including gastric bleeding. It can assist in reducing total blood loss.

5. Thrombin Lyophilized Powder

Thrombin acts directly on fibrinogen in the blood, promoting its conversion into fibrin, accelerating blood coagulation and forming blood clots, thereby achieving hemostasis. It is primarily used for local bleeding caused by gastric mucosal erosion and ulcers and is commonly administered orally or by local spraying.

In daily life, it is important to develop good living habits, avoiding coarse, hard, and spicy or irritating foods such as nuts, fried foods, and chili peppers, which may worsen gastric mucosal damage and hinder recovery.

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