What causes calf muscle pain after running?

Generally, calf muscle pain after running may be caused by lactic acid buildup, muscle overstretching, myofascial inflammation, tendonitis, or Achilles tendon rupture. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Lactic acid buildup after exercise: During running, the calf muscles continuously exert force, and the metabolic byproduct—lactic acid—cannot be eliminated in time, leading to local accumulation and pain. Low-intensity activities such as slow jogging or brisk walking can help accelerate lactic acid metabolism. Additionally, applying heat packs or massage to the calves can relieve muscle tension.

2. Muscle overstretching: Inadequate warm-up before running or improper running posture may lead to excessive stretching of the calf muscles and fascia, resulting in pain. Dynamic warm-up exercises such as high knees and lunges should be performed before running. Maintaining proper running form and avoiding toe-running is important. When pain occurs, static stretching can help relax the calf muscles.

3. Myofascial inflammation: Prolonged running or exposure of the calf to cold temperatures may trigger myofascial inflammation. Inflammatory irritation causes calf pain that worsens with movement. Patients may take medications such as diclofenac sodium sustained-release tablets, celecoxib capsules, or ibuprofen sustained-release capsules as directed by a physician to alleviate pain.

4. Tendonitis: Repetitive stress on the calf tendons during running may lead to tendonitis, manifesting as calf pain, with obvious tenderness upon pressing the tendon area. Patients should reduce running frequency and avoid strenuous exercise. Medications such as etoricoxib tablets, naproxen sodium tablets, or loxoprofen sodium tablets may be used according to medical advice.

5. Achilles tendon rupture: Sudden forceful movements during running or pre-existing degeneration of the Achilles tendon may result in rupture, causing calf pain accompanied by limited ankle movement. Prompt surgical repair (Achilles tendon suturing) is required to reconnect the torn tendon. Post-surgery, a brace should be worn for immobilization, followed by gradual rehabilitation exercises to restore tendon function.

During regular running, it is important to choose appropriate running shoes, avoid running on excessively hard surfaces, control running intensity and duration, and avoid sudden increases in exercise load. After running, stretch the calf muscles promptly, keep the calves warm, and minimize the likelihood of developing calf muscle pain.