What are the solutions for separation anxiety disorder?
Nov 17, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Baohua
Introduction
Solutions for separation anxiety disorder generally involve progressive separation exercises, strengthening the perception of secure attachment, and fostering independent adaptability. Begin with brief, short-distance separations—such as temporarily leaving the room while remaining in the same space—and gradually increase the duration and distance of separation. This helps individuals slowly adjust to separation scenarios and prevents intense anxiety reactions caused by sudden, prolonged separation.
Methods for addressing separation anxiety generally include progressive separation exercises, establishing fixed separation rituals, strengthening the perception of secure attachment, fostering independent adaptation skills, and positively guiding and encouraging emotional responses. A detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Progressive Separation Exercises: Begin with brief separations over short distances, such as temporarily leaving while staying in the same room, then gradually increase the duration and distance of separation. This helps individuals slowly adapt to separation scenarios and prevents intense anxiety reactions caused by sudden prolonged separation.
2. Establish Fixed Separation Rituals: Design a simple, consistent routine for parting, such as hugging and waving goodbye with the words "See you this afternoon." Following the same ritual each time reinforces the psychological expectation that separation will be followed by reunion, thereby reducing fear caused by uncertainty.
3. Strengthen Perception of Secure Attachment: Clearly communicate return times and plans for companionship before separation—for example, saying, "Mom will come home right after work to read picture books with you"—and strictly keep these promises. Provide high-quality daily companionship through activities like playing together and attentive listening to strengthen the individual’s trust in relationship stability.
4. Foster Independent Adaptation Skills: Encourage individuals to independently complete simple tasks, such as tidying up toys or playing alone in familiar environments, gradually enhancing their sense of self-control. Introduce them early to new settings (such as kindergarten or a new workplace) to become acquainted with the environment beforehand, reducing anxiety intensified by unfamiliar surroundings.
5. Positive Emotional Guidance and Encouragement: Promptly praise and encourage calm behavior or adaptive attempts during separation, for instance saying, "You played very well in your room today—so brave!" Avoid showing signs of anxiety when separating, as your own negative emotions may transfer to the individual and worsen their distress.
These strategies should be adjusted according to the individual's age (e.g., children vs. adults) and severity of anxiety. If separation anxiety severely affects daily functioning, persists for an extended period, or is accompanied by continuous crying, refusal to socialize, or similar symptoms, professional psychological help should be sought promptly for systematic intervention to improve symptoms.
