What causes facial redness, swelling, itching, peeling, and tightness, and what should be done about it?
Dec 01, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wenmin
Introduction
In general, facial redness, swelling, itching, peeling, and tightness may be caused by factors such as dry environment, improper skincare, contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, or rosacea. Patients can choose appropriate management approaches, including general care or medical treatments, based on their specific conditions. Daily skin care should emphasize moisturization and sun protection, while avoiding sudden changes in temperature that may irritate the skin. Perform a patch test before using any new skincare product.
Generally, facial redness, swelling, itching, peeling, and tightness may be caused by factors such as dry environment, improper skincare, contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, or rosacea. Patients can choose appropriate treatments like general care or medication based on their specific condition. The detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Dry Environment
During autumn and winter, low air humidity causes rapid moisture loss from facial skin, weakening the skin barrier and leading to redness, tightness, and peeling. Use a humidifier indoors, wear a mask when going outdoors, cleanse the face with lukewarm water daily, and apply a ceramide-containing moisturizer afterward.
2. Improper Skincare
Excessive exfoliation or using skincare products containing alcohol or fragrances can damage the skin barrier, increasing skin sensitivity and causing discomfort. Discontinue use of irritating products, simplify your skincare routine, and switch to gentle cleansers and moisturizers.
3. Contact Dermatitis
Exposure to allergens such as cosmetics or pollen can trigger an allergic skin reaction, resulting in symptoms like redness and itching. Under medical guidance, oral antihistamines such as loratadine tablets, cetirizine hydrochloride tablets, or ebastine tablets may be taken, and future contact with the allergen should be avoided.
4. Seborrheic Dermatitis
Overactive sebaceous glands combined with Malassezia fungal infection can cause inflammatory reactions, leading to facial redness, peeling, and greasy scales. Follow doctor’s instructions to apply topical ketoconazole cream or tacrolimus ointment, take vitamin B6 supplements orally, and reduce intake of high-sugar and high-fat foods.
5. Rosacea
Genetic predisposition and external triggers can cause abnormal blood vessel dilation in the face, resulting in redness and itching that worsens with heat exposure. Under medical supervision, topical metronidazole gel or azelaic acid cream may be used, along with oral doxycycline capsules. Avoid spicy and stimulating foods.
In daily life, focus on skin hydration and sun protection, and avoid sudden changes in temperature. Perform a patch test before trying new skincare products. Maintain regular sleep patterns and follow a light diet rich in fruits and vegetables. If symptoms persist, seek timely medical evaluation for accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.
