Which diseases make individuals ineligible for the COVID-19 vaccine?

In general, individuals with uncontrolled epilepsy, acute infectious diseases, severe allergic conditions, uncontrolled severe chronic illnesses, or certain autoimmune diseases should not receive the COVID-19 vaccine. A detailed explanation is as follows:

1. Uncontrolled epilepsy: If seizures occur frequently and are not effectively managed with medication, vaccination may trigger or worsen epileptic symptoms, causing additional stimulation to the nervous system. Therefore, vaccination should only be considered after the condition has stabilized and been reassessed by a healthcare provider.

2. Acute infectious diseases: During active phases of illnesses such as influenza, pneumonia, or acute gastroenteritis—especially when symptoms like fever, cough, or diarrhea are present—the immune system is already highly active. Vaccination at this time may exacerbate the existing illness or interfere with the accurate assessment of the vaccine's effects.

3. Severe allergic conditions: Individuals who have previously experienced severe allergic reactions (such as anaphylactic shock or laryngeal edema) to vaccine components or excipients, or those currently experiencing active episodes of severe hives or allergic purpura, are at risk of life-threatening allergic reactions upon vaccination.

4. Uncontrolled severe chronic diseases: Patients with poorly controlled severe chronic conditions—such as severe hypertension, diabetic complications, or decompensated liver cirrhosis—often have weakened physiological functions. Vaccination under these circumstances may increase the likelihood of adverse reactions; therefore, it is recommended to wait until the condition is stable before considering vaccination.

5. Specific autoimmune diseases: For individuals with autoimmune disorders like systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis during active disease phases, immune system dysregulation may be exacerbated by vaccination, potentially interfering with disease management. The decision to vaccinate should be made under medical supervision based on individual clinical evaluation.

When any of the above conditions are present, individuals should proactively communicate fully with healthcare providers. Those who meet vaccination criteria should maintain healthy lifestyle habits and continue personal protective measures after vaccination to collectively strengthen the immune barrier.