Does traditional Chinese medicine treat aplastic anemia?
Dec 12, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Sun Lianqing
Introduction
For chronic aplastic anemia, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) generally differentiates the condition within categories such as "deficiency fatigue" (xulao) and "blood deficiency" (xue xu), aiming to improve symptoms by regulating the zang-fu organs and qi-blood balance. Common syndrome patterns include kidney yin deficiency, kidney yang deficiency, and dual deficiency of qi and blood. Corresponding herbal formulas should be selected according to the specific pattern, combined with acupuncture and other therapies, to help alleviate symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, and bleeding tendency, assist in increasing blood cell levels, and reduce side effects associated with Western medical treatments.
Generally, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can be used as an adjunctive treatment for chronic aplastic anemia. However, in cases of acute aplastic anemia, which are critical and require immediate intervention, Western medical treatments should be the primary approach; TCM alone is not recommended. If there are any concerns, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional in advance. The detailed analysis is as follows:
For chronic aplastic anemia, TCM typically classifies the condition within categories such as "deficiency fatigue" (xū láo) or "blood deficiency" (xuè xū), differentiating patterns based on organ systems and qi-blood imbalances to improve symptoms. Common syndromes include kidney yin deficiency, kidney yang deficiency, and dual deficiency of qi and blood. Corresponding herbal formulas—such as those that nourish yin and tonify the kidneys or warm the kidneys and enrich essence—are prescribed, often combined with acupuncture. These approaches help alleviate symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, and bleeding tendencies, support increases in blood cell counts, and reduce side effects associated with Western medical therapies.
Acute aplastic anemia develops rapidly and progresses quickly, often accompanied by severe infections and internal bleeding. TCM alone is generally unable to control such life-threatening conditions effectively. In these situations, prompt Western medical interventions—such as immunosuppressive therapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation—are essential to stabilize vital signs. Once the condition has improved, TCM may be incorporated as supportive care to consolidate therapeutic effects, strengthen the body’s constitution, and reduce the risk of relapse.
Treatment of aplastic anemia requires integrated evaluation from both TCM and Western medicine perspectives. Patients should not discontinue Western medical treatments on their own or rely solely on herbal remedies without guidance. Daily precautions should include infection prevention, avoiding strenuous activities, seeking timely medical care when symptoms such as bleeding or fever occur, and undergoing regular blood tests to monitor disease progression.
