Is nephrectomy a major surgery?

Nephrectomy is typically performed in advanced-stage cancer cases—specifically when cancer cells cannot be controlled or effectively treated by other means, leaving surgical removal of the affected kidney as the only viable option to eliminate the tumor. So, is nephrectomy considered a major surgery? Below, we address this question.

Is Nephrectomy Considered a Major Surgery?

Nephrectomy is indeed classified as a major surgical procedure. Prior to surgery, however, patients typically undergo extensive preoperative evaluations to confirm their suitability for the operation. Surgery should only proceed once it is confirmed that the patient’s overall health status permits safe surgical intervention; otherwise, the risk of complications significantly increases. Thorough assessment of physical condition is therefore essential before proceeding with surgery. Currently, surgical removal remains the sole definitive treatment for certain severe kidney diseases. However, if the disease is mild or stable, nephrectomy may not be necessary at all—surgery is reserved for cases where conservative treatments have failed and no further improvement is possible. Thus, the optimal treatment strategy must be carefully selected based on individual disease severity and clinical circumstances.

Additional Information: Post-Nephrectomy Care Guidelines

1. Strict bed rest for at least three days postoperatively is required. After partial nephrectomy, there remains a risk of secondary hemorrhage; physical activity may provoke local wound oozing or bleeding. Severe bleeding may necessitate blood transfusion or even reoperation for hemostasis. Oral intake should only resume after full return of gastrointestinal motility (i.e., passage of flatus); premature feeding may exacerbate abdominal distension or even precipitate intestinal obstruction.

2. Transient renal dysfunction may occur following partial nephrectomy, leading to mild elevations in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. Therefore, close dynamic monitoring of renal function is essential. In cases of acute kidney injury, temporary dialysis support may be required. Dietarily, high-protein intake should be avoided, as excessive protein places additional metabolic stress on the remaining kidney tissue and may impair residual renal function.

The above provides an overview of whether nephrectomy qualifies as a major surgery. We hope this information proves helpful to you.