What Causes Testicular Pain?

Nov 16, 2021 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Ma Fujun

Introduction

1. Testicular torsion—twisting of the testicle due to external force; 2. Prostatitis—causing men to experience a distinct sensation of heaviness, distension, and pain in the perineal region; 3. Urinary tract infection—potentially leading to symptoms such as soreness, sharp (stabbing) pain, and distension in the bladder, prostate, and testicles; 4. Varicocele—often accompanied by scrotal enlargement and localized pain.

The testes are a vital component of the male reproductive system, primarily responsible for sperm production and contributing to high-quality semen. Any abnormality in the testes may lead to diminished sexual function and impaired fertility. Testicular pain is a relatively common symptom. So, what causes testicular pain? Below, we address this question.

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Causes of Testicular Pain

1. Testicular Torsion

Testicular torsion occurs when the testicle rotates abnormally—often due to trauma—causing severe pain. It most commonly affects children. Patients typically experience sudden, intense unilateral testicular pain, accompanied by swelling, tenderness, and sometimes nausea or vomiting. Surgical intervention is usually required.

2. Prostatitis

Chronic prostatitis can cause a sensation of heaviness, distension, and pain in the perineal region. This results from pelvic floor muscle contraction and neural irritation affecting the prostate, which may refer pain to the testicles or other areas. Pain often intensifies during acute inflammatory episodes.

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3. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Urinary tract infections are relatively common among men. If left untreated, UTIs may spread to involve the bladder, prostate, and testes, causing symptoms such as aching, sharp, or dull pain—significantly disrupting daily life.

4. Varicocele

Varicocele—a condition characterized by dilated veins within the spermatic cord—can also cause testicular pain, along with scrotal swelling and localized discomfort, particularly after prolonged sitting. Persistent varicocele may impair fertility by compromising testicular blood flow, leading to venous stasis and impaired clearance of metabolic waste products, thereby adversely affecting spermatogenesis.

The above outlines the primary causes of testicular pain. We hope this information is helpful to you.

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What are the causes of testicular pain in one side of the male?

Testicular pain may refer to pain in the testicles. Pain in one testicle in males could be caused by prolonged maintenance of the same posture, strenuous exercise, orchitis, prostatitis, testicular torsion, or other reasons. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Patients are advised to drink plenty of warm water, ensure adequate sleep, change underwear frequently, and wear cotton underwear whenever possible.