What Causes Prolonged Menstruation?
May 17, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Chen Zhe
Introduction
A normal menstrual period lasts 3–7 days; if it exceeds 7–10 days, the period is considered prolonged and warrants attention.
Many factors can cause prolonged menstruation. Certain gynecological conditions—such as endometritis, uterine leiomyomas (fibroids), endometrial polyps, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and adnexitis—may lead to prolonged menstrual bleeding. Additionally, disorders causing endocrine dysfunction can also result in prolonged menstruation.
Menstrual duration varies among women—some have longer periods, others shorter. If menstruation becomes abnormally prolonged, the underlying cause should be investigated. Given the variety of potential causes for prolonged menstruation, what exactly does “prolonged menstruation” mean?
Causes of Prolonged Menstruation
A normal menstrual period lasts 3–7 days. Menstruation exceeding 7–10 days is considered prolonged and warrants medical attention. Numerous factors can contribute to prolonged menstruation. Certain gynecological conditions—including endometritis, uterine leiomyomas (fibroids), endometrial polyps, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and adnexitis—may lead to extended bleeding. Additionally, endocrine disorders causing hormonal imbalances can also result in prolonged menstruation. After an episode of prolonged menstruation, a single observation may suffice if it’s isolated; however, recurrent or persistent cases warrant timely evaluation at a hospital, including transvaginal pelvic ultrasound and measurement of six key sex hormones (FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and prolactin). It is also advisable to avoid fatigue, sleep deprivation, excessive mental stress, and overwhelming psychological pressure.
An abnormally long menstrual *cycle*—defined as exceeding 35 days—may stem from conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hyperprolactinemia, or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, if prolonged *menstruation* (i.e., extended bleeding duration) occurs, clinicians must consider luteal phase defect and organic uterine pathology as possible causes.
Conditions such as endometrial polyps, multiple uterine fibroids, or adenomyosis may also cause prolonged menstruation, typically lasting more than seven days. We hope this information proves helpful to you!
