Examination for acute cystitis

Acute cystitis can be diagnosed through physical examination, routine urinalysis, and urine bacteriology tests. 1. Physical examination: For patients presenting with discomfort symptoms, the abdomen and lumbar regions are examined to identify any tenderness or other abnormalities. 2. Routine urinalysis: The patient's urine may appear clear or cloudy, often with a foul odor; gross hematuria is observed in a small number of patients. 3. Urine bacteriology: Quantitative bacterial culture of a fresh, clean-catch midstream urine sample can determine the specific type of pathogen involved and help guide appropriate treatment selection.