What is the difference between orchitis and epididymitis?

The main difference between orchitis and epididymitis lies in the site of inflammation: orchitis refers to inflammation of the testicles, whereas epididymitis refers to inflammation of the epididymis. Patients with orchitis mainly experience symptoms such as testicular swelling, pain, fever, and may also have nausea and vomiting; patients with epididymitis typically present with scrotal swelling, pain, fever, and may develop urethral discharge. Orchitis is commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections, while epididymitis is primarily due to bacterial infection or urine reflux. Treatment for orchitis usually involves antibiotics or pain-relieving medications; in addition to medication, epididymitis may sometimes require surgical intervention.