What causes testicular and lower abdominal pain?

Testicular and lower abdominal pain may be caused by various factors, mainly including: 1. Inflammatory infection: Orchitis and epididymitis are common causes, resulting from infections by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens. Inflammation leads to testicular swelling and pain, often accompanied by lower abdominal discomfort. 2. Testicular torsion: This occurs when the testicle twists around the spermatic cord, disrupting blood flow and leading to testicular ischemia or even necrosis, which can cause lower abdominal pain. 3. Cysts or stones: Testicular cysts or calculi (stones) may also increase testicular volume, resulting in testicular and lower abdominal pain. Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause and may include medication, physical therapy, or surgical intervention. It is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation to determine the exact cause and receive appropriate treatment.