What causes testicular pain?

Testicular pain may be caused by various factors, including but not limited to the following conditions: 1. Testicular torsion: Twisting of the blood vessels in the testicle, causing sudden pain, which usually requires urgent treatment to prevent tissue damage. 2. Epididymitis or orchitis: Inflammation caused by bacterial infection, which may be accompanied by fever and local swelling. 3. Varicocele: Dilation of veins leading to impaired blood return, causing discomfort or dull pain; sometimes visible clusters of veins may be seen within the scrotum. 4. Trauma: Pain may be directly caused by falls, impacts, or injuries during sports activities. 5. Testicular tumor: Although usually painless, in some cases, tumor growth may cause pain. 6. Testicular cyst or hernia: These structural abnormalities may also cause pain or discomfort. Note that if testicular pain occurs, especially persistent or severe pain, immediate medical attention should be sought.