Time to onset of action of cyclophosphamide in kidney disease

Cyclophosphamide is an immunosuppressant commonly used in the treatment of various kidney diseases, particularly widely applied in autoimmune kidney diseases such as glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis. It primarily works by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation and function, reducing the formation of immune complexes, thereby alleviating renal inflammatory responses. Generally, for patients with mild kidney disease, cyclophosphamide may begin to take effect within 1 to 2 weeks after starting treatment.

However, for patients with severe kidney disease, such as renal insufficiency or uremia, the onset of effect may be delayed, usually requiring 3 to 4 weeks. The therapeutic effectiveness of cyclophosphamide is also influenced by the patient's sensitivity to the drug. If the patient is sensitive to the medication, the response time may be earlier; conversely, if the patient is less sensitive, the response may be delayed.

Therefore, during cyclophosphamide treatment, patients should undergo regular follow-up evaluations to monitor changes in renal function and blood parameters. Additionally, it is important to be aware of potential adverse reactions associated with cyclophosphamide, including bone marrow suppression, increased risk of infection, bleeding, and malignancy.