Variants of asthma, particularly cough variant asthma, are special types of asthma characterized primarily or solely by coughing, without obvious symptoms or signs such as wheezing or shortness of breath. This type of asthma is usually accompanied by airway hyperresponsiveness, and patients may experience persistent or recurrent coughing that lasts for a prolonged period. Its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, but it may be closely related to genetic factors, environmental factors (such as allergens, seasonal changes, air pollution), and patients' psychological and mental factors.
The main symptom of variant asthma is irritative dry cough, usually severe, particularly evident at night and in the early morning. Coughing can be easily triggered or exacerbated by colds, inhaling cold air, dust, smoke, and other irritants. In addition, the cough may exhibit characteristics such as recurrence, seasonality, and time-related rhythmicity.
Diagnosis of variant asthma requires comprehensive evaluation of medical history, physical examination, and relevant auxiliary test results, such as pulmonary function tests, bronchial provocation tests, and allergen testing. In terms of treatment, the focus is on controlling symptoms, improving quality of life, and preventing acute asthma attacks. Commonly used medications include glucocorticoids and beta-2 agonists.
If necessary, please seek timely medical attention and follow the advice of your doctor.