What causes abdominal pain and cramps during menstruation?

Aug 27, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Lu

Introduction

In general, menstrual abdominal pain and cramps may be related to factors such as uterine contractions, premenstrual syndrome, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, and adenomyosis. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a doctor. Patients are advised to maintain good menstrual hygiene, avoid excessively spicy or stimulating foods, and keep warm, which may help alleviate symptoms.

Generally, abdominal pain and cramping during menstruation may be related to factors such as uterine contractions, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), endometriosis, and adenomyosis. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a physician. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Uterine Contractions

During menstruation, the endometrial lining sheds, and the uterus undergoes rhythmic contractions to help expel the tissue, which may cause lower abdominal pain and cramping. Applying heat to the abdomen may help relax the uterine muscles and relieve discomfort.

2. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

In the one to two weeks before menstruation, some women may experience a range of physical changes, including lower abdominal pain and cramping sensations. It is recommended to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, moderate exercise, and adequate sleep.

3. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

PID is an infection in the pelvic cavity caused by bacteria, which may lead to inflammation and swelling of pelvic tissues, stimulating nerve endings and exacerbating menstrual cramps. Symptoms may include fever and increased vaginal discharge. Patients are advised to take medications such as levofloxacin hydrochloride capsules, cefuroxime axetil tablets, or azithromycin capsules under a doctor’s supervision.

4. Endometriosis

Endometriosis may be associated with abnormal immune function, genetic factors, and others. Endometrial cells grow outside the uterus; during menstruation, these ectopic cells also bleed, but the blood cannot exit the body normally, potentially causing inflammation, abdominal pain, and cramping. Symptoms may include irregular menstruation and infertility. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as danazol capsules, medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets, or norethisterone tablets for treatment.

5. Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis may be associated with intrauterine procedures such as cesarean section or diagnostic curettage. Abnormal proliferation of endometrial tissue within the uterine muscle layer causes thickening of the uterine wall, possibly leading to abdominal pain and cramping. It is often accompanied by heavy menstrual bleeding and prolonged periods. Patients may follow a doctor's instructions to use medications such as guizhi fuling capsules, hongjin xiaojie capsules, or danbie capsules.

Patients are advised to maintain good menstrual hygiene, avoid excessively spicy or irritating foods, and stay warm, all of which may help alleviate symptoms.

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Can you eat bananas during your period?

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Can you eat chocolate during your period?

"Da Yi Ma" usually refers to the menstrual period. Generally, it is acceptable to eat chocolate in moderation during menstruation. In terms of diet, in addition to moderate chocolate consumption, it's important to include fresh fruits and vegetables and high-quality protein to ensure balanced nutrition. Pay attention to rest and avoid staying up late; maintaining a regular sleep schedule helps stabilize endocrine function. If there is abdominal discomfort, applying a warm heating pad or hot water bottle can help relieve symptoms, and prolonged sitting should be avoided.

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