Causes of Acute Urticaria
Aug 24, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wan
Introduction
Acute urticaria is primarily triggered by the ingestion of certain foods or medications, or by exposure to other infectious agents, leading to the rapid onset of hives on the skin. This condition tends to be more severe but has a relatively short disease course. Its pathogenesis is mainly associated with both exogenous and endogenous factors, and typical symptoms—along with other accompanying manifestations—are present during acute episodes.
Urticaria encompasses both acute and chronic forms. Generally, acute urticaria is more common, accounting for approximately 46% of all urticaria cases. During an acute episode, the condition significantly impacts the patient’s health. If not promptly addressed, it may progress to chronic urticaria, resulting in disease prolongation and difficulty achieving resolution. So, what causes acute urticaria?
Causes of Acute Urticaria
Acute urticaria primarily results from ingestion of certain foods or medications, or exposure to other infectious triggers, leading to the rapid onset of wheals (hives) on the skin. This form tends to be more severe but has a relatively short disease course. Its pathogenesis is mainly associated with both exogenous and endogenous factors, and typical symptoms—along with various accompanying manifestations—are commonly observed during acute episodes. Acute urticaria develops rapidly, often triggered by consumption of specific foods or drugs, or by infections, which induce wheal formation on the skin. Exogenous triggers include foods and food additives, medications, inhalants, insect bites, and certain physical factors. Endogenous factors primarily involve infections and systemic diseases. Infectious agents include viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasitic organisms.
Acute urticaria manifests abruptly. The primary symptom is intense pruritus (itching), followed by the appearance of bright red or pale wheals on localized areas of affected skin. These wheals vary in size and shape; they may appear as isolated lesions or coalesce into larger plaques, presenting a characteristic “orange-peel” appearance. When gastrointestinal mucosa is involved, patients may experience nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Involvement of the upper airway—including the pharynx and bronchi—can cause dyspnea, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.
It is advisable to avoid overeating and consuming spicy or allergenic foods, as well as stale or spoiled ingredients—such as pepper, coffee, strong tea, and chili peppers. Instead, increase intake of leafy green vegetables, fruits, and whole grains—for example, millet, barley, oats, apples, kiwifruit, and tomatoes. We hope this information proves helpful to you.
