What are the compensatory responses during acute hypoxia?
Mar 29, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Shuwen
Introduction
During acute hypoxia, the human body exhibits a series of compensatory responses to maintain normal physiological functions. Common compensatory mechanisms include respiratory compensation, cardiovascular compensation, and hematological compensation. In addition, during acute hypoxia, the body alters tissue metabolism to reduce dependence on oxygen, such as by increasing lactate production and utilization.
Under normal circumstances, during acute hypoxia, the human body exhibits a series of compensatory responses to maintain normal physiological functions. Common compensatory mechanisms include respiratory compensation, cardiovascular compensation, and hematological compensation.
1. Respiratory Compensation
During acute hypoxia, the body increases alveolar ventilation by elevating both respiratory rate and depth, thereby enhancing oxygen intake.
2. Cardiovascular Compensation
During acute hypoxia, the body increases cardiac output by raising heart rate and myocardial contractility, thus improving oxygen delivery.
3. Hematological Compensation
During acute hypoxia, the body enhances the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity by increasing red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration.
In addition, during acute hypoxia, the body alters tissue metabolism to reduce dependence on oxygen, such as by increasing lactate production and utilization. It should be noted that acute hypoxia is a serious threat to life. If symptoms such as dyspnea, palpitations, or dizziness occur, prompt medical attention is required for appropriate evaluation and treatment.
