What causes itchy eyes and swollen eyelids?

Generally, itchy eyes and swollen eyelids are related to physiological factors such as staying up late or overusing the eyes, but they may also be caused by pathological conditions such as allergic conjunctivitis or squamous blepharitis. Treatment should target the specific underlying cause. The details are as follows:

I. Physiological Factors

Prolonged eye strain, staying up late, working overtime, or wearing contact lenses can easily damage the skin around the eyelids, leading to symptoms such as redness, itching, and eye pain. These are physiological phenomena that typically do not require special treatment. However, enhanced eye care and avoiding prolonged eye fatigue are recommended.

II. Pathological Factors

1. Conjunctivitis

When the conjunctiva comes into contact with external allergens such as catkins or pollen, it may cause eye itching and discomfort, accompanied by increased secretions and swelling. During an episode, follow medical advice to use medications such as tacrolimus ointment, diclofenac sodium eye drops, or levofloxacin eye drops to achieve anti-inflammatory effects.

2. Squamous Blepharitis

Overactive sebaceous glands of the eyelid and meibomian glands, when exposed to physical or chemical irritants, may lead to eye irritation, itching, swelling, tearing, and other symptoms. Mild cases can be managed by washing the eyes with normal saline. When necessary, physical therapies may be considered—such as applying heat to dilate blood vessels, improve circulation, and promote recovery of eye health.

In addition to the above causes, symptoms may also result from angioedema. It is recommended to immediately visit an ophthalmologist at a hospital for evaluation and actively cooperate with prescribed treatments.