Does laser lithotripsy harm the kidneys?

In general, laser lithotripsy poses some risks to the kidneys, but direct kidney damage is usually minimal. The detailed analysis is as follows:

Laser lithotripsy is a common surgical method for treating stones and is generally considered safe and highly applicable. It uses laser energy to vaporize water between the fiber tip and the stone, creating small cavitation bubbles that transmit energy to fragment the stone into fine powder. This process helps minimize damage to surrounding tissues. Therefore, the direct injury to the kidney caused by laser lithotripsy itself is typically minor. However, after fragmentation, stone fragments may splash and mechanically impact the kidney, though such impacts are usually not severe. If the fragmented stones remain in the ureter for too long, they may cause ureteral obstruction, leading to urinary tract infections or hydronephrosis. Prolonged hydronephrosis could potentially affect kidney function.

Prior to performing laser lithotripsy, doctors must conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's condition to ensure that the benefits outweigh the risks. Additionally, after surgery, patients should maintain a light diet and drink plenty of water to promote recovery.