What should I do if a hard lump and itching occur after receiving the hepatitis B vaccine?
Dec 03, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Gao Jun
Introduction
After receiving the hepatitis B vaccine, if a hard lump and itching occur, symptoms can be relieved by avoiding scratching or irritation, gently cleaning the area, applying warm compresses to promote absorption, wearing loose clothing, and monitoring symptom changes. This is a common local immune response following vaccination. However, if the lump continues to enlarge, itching becomes severe, or is accompanied by pus or fever, prompt medical attention is recommended.
Hardness and itching at the injection site after hepatitis B vaccination can be relieved by avoiding scratching, gently cleaning the area, applying warm compresses appropriately to promote absorption, wearing loose clothing, and monitoring symptom changes. This is a common local immune response following vaccination. If the hard lump continues to enlarge, itching becomes severe, or is accompanied by pus or fever, prompt medical attention is recommended.
1. Avoid scratching or irritation: Do not scratch or repeatedly press the itchy area with your hands, as this may damage the skin barrier and lead to infection. Instead, gently pat the area or distract yourself to relieve itching and reduce mechanical irritation to the affected site.
2. Gentle local cleansing: Keep the injection site clean and dry. After 24 hours, you may gently wash the area with lukewarm water. Avoid using irritating cleansers such as soap or shower gel. After washing, gently pat dry with a clean towel.
3. Apply warm compresses to promote absorption: Begin applying a warm compress 48 hours after vaccination. Use a warm towel on the hardened area for 15–20 minutes, twice daily, to improve local blood circulation, help dissipate the lump, and relieve itching. The temperature should be comfortably warm, not hot.
4. Wear loose clothing: Choose breathable, loose-fitting clothes made of materials like cotton. Avoid tight clothing that may rub against or press on the lump, reducing local irritation and creating a comfortable environment for skin recovery.
5. Monitor symptom changes: Keep track of the size, color, and level of itching of the lump. Watch for signs of spreading, increasing redness, or swelling. If symptoms do not begin to improve within 3–5 days, monitor closely and assess whether medical intervention is needed.
Maintain a light diet, avoid spicy, greasy foods, seafood, and other allergenic foods. Drink plenty of water to support metabolism. Do not apply unverified ointments or irritating skincare products to the affected area—allow the local reaction to resolve naturally.
