What causes sudden nosebleeds?
Sep 22, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Lu Cheng
Introduction
Sudden nosebleeds may be caused by factors such as dry environment, damage to nasal mucosa, allergic rhinitis, deviated nasal septum, or hypertension. In daily life, it is important to keep the nasal cavity clean and moist, avoid excessive irritation and injury, maintain a healthy diet with reduced salt and fat intake, and follow a regular sleep schedule to support nasal and overall health.
Sudden nosebleeds are generally caused by factors such as dry environment, nasal mucosal injury, allergic rhinitis, deviated nasal septum, or hypertension. If the above conditions occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific analyses are as follows:
1. Dry Environment
When the environment is excessively dry, the nasal mucosa may lose sufficient moisture, leading to dryness and fragility of the mucosa, which makes capillaries prone to rupture and bleeding. It is advisable in daily life to drink plenty of water to maintain adequate hydration.
2. Nasal Mucosal Injury
The nasal mucosa is sensitive and fragile. When subjected to external forces—such as nose picking, forceful nose blowing, or improper nasal cleaning—it can easily become injured and bleed. One should take care to protect the nasal cavity and avoid behaviors like aggressive nose picking or blowing.
3. Allergic Rhinitis
Allergic rhinitis may be triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or animal dander. This condition causes mucosal swelling, congestion, and increased vascular fragility, making blood vessels more likely to rupture and bleed, thus causing sudden nosebleeds. Symptoms may also include sneezing, runny nose, and nasal congestion. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as loratadine tablets, budesonide nasal spray, and montelukast sodium chewable tablets for treatment.
4. Deviated Nasal Septum
A deviated nasal septum is usually caused by genetic factors, developmental abnormalities, or trauma. Abnormal development or injury to the nasal septum can lead to deviation, making the mucosa on the deviated side more susceptible to air friction and dryness, thereby increasing the likelihood of sudden nosebleeds. Symptoms may also include nasal congestion, headaches, and recurrent epistaxis. Treatment under medical guidance may include medications such as furamidine nasal drops, etamsylate injection, and vitamin C tablets.
5. Hypertension
Hypertension can result from various factors, including long-term high-salt, high-fat diets and sleep deprivation. In hypertensive patients, elevated pressure on blood vessel walls increases the risk of rupture in the delicate nasal mucosal vessels, often resulting in sudden nosebleeds. Other symptoms may include dizziness, headache, and palpitations. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include medications such as nifedipine sustained-release tablets, metoprolol tartrate tablets, and losartan potassium hydrochlorothiazide tablets.
In daily life, it is important to keep the nasal passages clean and moist, avoid excessive irritation or injury, maintain a healthy diet with reduced salt and fat intake, and adhere to regular sleep patterns to support both nasal and overall health.
