What causes anal pain after a normal vaginal delivery?

In general, anal pain after vaginal delivery may be caused by factors such as pressure during childbirth, constipation, hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or perianal abscesses. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Pressure during childbirth

During vaginal delivery, the passage of the fetus through the birth canal exerts significant pressure on the pelvic floor muscles and anal area, which may lead to postpartum anal pain. This may also be accompanied by symptoms such as difficulty in defecation or urinary incontinence. Sitz baths are recommended to reduce inflammation and pain in the anal region. Cold compresses can also be used to improve local blood circulation and relieve swelling.

2. Constipation

After vaginal delivery, hormonal changes and reduced physical activity during recovery may lead to constipation, causing additional strain on the anus during bowel movements and resulting in pain. Symptoms such as bloating and loss of appetite may also occur. It is recommended to increase dietary fiber intake and drink more water to promote intestinal motility.

3. Hemorrhoids

Prolonged straining and increased pelvic pressure during vaginal delivery can cause already fragile blood vessels to become more prominent, leading to hemorrhoid formation. Hemorrhoids may cause symptoms including anal pain, itching, and a sensation of a foreign body. Under medical guidance, medications such as Ma Yinglong Musk Hemorrhoid Ointment, Zhisuening tablets, or Chlorhexidine Acetate Hemorrhoid Suppositories may be used for treatment.

4. Anal fissure

During vaginal delivery, excessive stretching and pressure around the anus may result in an anal fissure, causing postpartum anal pain. This may be accompanied by symptoms such as rectal bleeding and itching. Medications such as glyceryl trinitrate ointment, compound carrageenan cream, or bear bile hemorrhoid ointment may be used under medical supervision.

5. Perianal abscess

After vaginal delivery, poor local hygiene or infection may lead to a perianal abscess, causing anal pain. Other symptoms may include redness, swelling, and fever. It is recommended to visit a qualified hospital where surgical treatments such as incision and drainage or radical excision may be performed under a doctor's care.

During the postpartum recovery period, women should avoid consuming spicy, raw, or cold foods to prevent bodily discomfort and support optimal recovery.