What causes elevated liver function enzymes (transaminases), and what should be done?

Generally, elevated liver function enzymes (transaminases) may be caused by strenuous exercise, improper diet, fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, and other factors. Treatment options, such as general management or medication, can be undertaken under a doctor's guidance. If experiencing any discomfort, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Strenuous Exercise

Following intense physical activity, liver and muscle cells might sustain some damage, releasing transaminases into the bloodstream, thus causing elevated liver enzymes. This is a temporary physiological phenomenon and generally requires no specific treatment. It is advisable to warm up properly before engaging in vigorous exercise, avoid overexertion, and rest appropriately afterward to reduce physical strain.

2. Improper Diet

Long-term consumption of high-fat and high-cholesterol foods or overeating may increase the liver's workload, leading to elevated transaminase levels. Moreover, excessive alcohol consumption can damage liver cells, causing transaminases to be released into the blood. Therefore, it is important to maintain a balanced diet in daily life, consume more fresh vegetables and fruits, reduce intake of high-fat and high-cholesterol foods, and avoid excessive alcohol consumption to protect liver health.

3. Fatty Liver Disease

Fatty liver disease occurs when excessive fat accumulates within liver cells, causing cellular damage and elevated transaminase levels. It may also be accompanied by symptoms such as obesity and hyperlipidemia. Under medical guidance, medications such as Orlistat capsules, Atorvastatin Calcium tablets, and Simvastatin tablets may be used for treatment.

4. Viral Hepatitis

Viral hepatitis is a liver disease primarily caused by viral infection. The virus damages liver cells, leading to the release of transaminases into the bloodstream. Symptoms may also include fatigue, reduced appetite, and jaundice. Medications such as Entecavir dispersible tablets, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablets, and Sofosbuvir-Velpatasvir tablets may be used under medical supervision.

5. Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis represents the common late-stage pathological change of various chronic liver diseases. During cirrhosis, severe liver cell damage leads to persistently elevated transaminase levels. Symptoms may also include ascites, splenomegaly, and esophageal and gastric varices. It is recommended to use medications such as Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate capsules, Polyene Phosphatidylcholine capsules, and Silybin capsules as directed by a physician.

It is advisable to maintain moderate physical activity in daily life, avoid excessive strenuous exercise, and undergo regular liver function tests to detect and treat liver diseases promptly.