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What Causes Lower Back Pain in Women?

Jul 29, 2021 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Lin Yunfei
Introduction
1. Osteoporosis: This condition results from calcium deficiency in the body, leading to decreased bone density; once osteoporosis develops, it reduces the load-bearing capacity of the cervical spine. 2. Lumbar muscle strain: This condition weakens the extensibility of the lumbar tendons and ligaments, promoting local accumulation of lactic acid. 3. Gynecological disorders, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, retroverted or retroflexed uterus.

Low back pain refers primarily to acute or chronic pain localized in the lumbar spine or paraspinal regions. It significantly impacts patients’ quality of life and overall health. Common causes include lumbar muscle strain, lumbar disc herniation, and prolonged physical inactivity. So, what are the underlying causes of low back pain in women? Below, we address this question.

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Causes of Low Back Pain in Women

1. Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis results from calcium deficiency in the body. Once developed, it reduces the load-bearing capacity of the spine, leading to discomfort and pain in the lumbar region. Additionally, lumbar disc herniation is another common cause of low back pain in women: the protruding nucleus pulposus irritates the annulus fibrosus and posterior longitudinal ligament, transmitting pain signals via adjacent nerves. Furthermore, acute or chronic pyelonephritis is a frequent renal cause of low back pain—typically presenting as dull, aching lumbar discomfort, with severe cases involving radiation of pain along the ureter to the perineal region.

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2. Lumbar Muscle Strain

Lumbar muscle strain is a common contributor to low back pain in women. It impairs the elasticity of lumbar tendons and ligaments, causing excessive accumulation of lactic acid in local tissues and disrupting normal metabolic function of the lumbar musculature—thereby resulting in low back pain. Moreover, failure to receive timely treatment following lumbar injury may hinder proper tissue repair, further promoting the development of chronic lumbar muscle strain and associated pain.

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3. Gynecological Disorders

Gynecological conditions are also significant contributors to low back pain in women—including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), uterine retroversion, or retroflexion. Among these, PID is one of the most common gynecological causes of low back pain, often accompanied by intermittent lower abdominal heaviness or dragging pain and increased vaginal discharge. Inflammatory stimulation leads to increased exudate production and subsequent pelvic adhesions, thereby triggering low back pain. Uterine retroversion or retroflexion may overstretch supporting ligaments and compress adjacent nerves, likewise resulting in low back pain.

The above outlines the primary causes of low back pain in women. We hope this information proves helpful.

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