What should a thirteen-year-old girl do about irregular menstruation?

Generally, irregular menstruation in a thirteen-year-old girl may be caused by poor lifestyle habits, underdeveloped ovarian function, unstable hormone secretion, endometritis, or polycystic ovary syndrome. Treatment options include lifestyle modifications and medication. If physical discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended to prevent adverse effects on health. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Poor Lifestyle Habits

Prolonged mental tension, anxiety, staying up late, excessive dieting, or excessive weight gain may affect endocrine levels, thereby disrupting normal menstrual regularity. Symptoms may also include weight changes, mood swings, and decreased sleep quality. It is recommended to adjust lifestyle habits, maintain a regular schedule, ensure sufficient sleep, and avoid staying up late or overexertion.

2. Underdeveloped Ovarian Function

Thirteen-year-old girls are typically in early adolescence, during which ovarian function has not fully matured. Insufficient secretion of estrogen and progesterone may affect endometrial growth, leading to irregular menstruation. Menstrual cycles may occur earlier or later than usual, and menstrual flow may be unstable. Usually, no specific treatment is required; this phenomenon typically resolves naturally as ovarian function gradually matures with age.

3. Unstable Hormone Secretion

In thirteen-year-old girls, the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis is not yet fully developed, which may lead to unstable hormone secretion and cause irregular menstruation. Symptoms may also include mood swings and increased academic stress. Generally, no special treatment is required, and symptoms will gradually improve over time. Parents should pay attention to the child's emotional changes, reduce academic pressure, and maintain a regular sleep-wake schedule.

4. Endometritis

Endometritis may be caused by bacterial infection, potentially leading to irregular shedding of the endometrium and resulting in irregular menstrual cycles. Symptoms may also include abdominal pain, abnormal discharge, and fever. Patients can take medications such as metronidazole tablets or amoxicillin capsules as directed by a physician.

5. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

This condition may be caused by environmental and genetic factors, potentially inhibiting ovarian function and causing excessive production of androgens, thereby affecting normal menstrual regularity. Symptoms may also include obesity, hirsutism, and acne. Patients can take medications such as drospirenone-ethinyl estradiol tablets or dydrogesterone tablets under a doctor's guidance.

In daily life, attention should be paid to irregular menstrual cycles. If severe dysmenorrhea or other discomfort symptoms occur simultaneously, there may be other serious diseases, and timely medical consultation is recommended to avoid delaying treatment.